VyatSU scientist Olga Rubleva proposed a unique technology in the field of woodworking, aimed at the rational use of wood raw materials

VyatSU scientist Olga Rubleva proposed a unique technology in the field of woodworking, aimed at the rational use of wood raw materials

  An innovative way for splicing parts made of wood in length, allows you to increase the efficiency of the technological process, reduce the amount of waste and the cost of manufacturing products

The problem of rational use of wood resources remains a priority for Russia - scientists of the largest university of the Kirov region contribute to its solution. Among them, Dr. Technical Sciences Olga Rubleva, Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, executive head fof the Department of machinery and woodworking technology.

    "Beautiful and environmentally friendly furniture made of massive wood, wooden windows, doors, flooring recently moved into the category of elite products not available to everyone. This is due to its hight cost because of the technological complexity of the process and considerable costs of raw materials and equipment" - Told Olga Anatolyevna.

She explained that in the process of treating massive wood, its defects are removed:  cracks, resin pockets etc. The resulting, short, blanks are connected along the length by gluing, most often on the toothed spikes. The traditional method of forming those teeth is with a cutting tool, which has a number of significant drawbacks, among which the high cost of the milling tool, the costs of its periodic sharpening, a significant energy intensity of the milling process, structural restrictions on the geometric parameters and strength of spikes, shavings in the cutting process.

Olga Rubleva proposed an alternative technology for the formation of teeth by the method of cold local pressing. An the end of the workpiece, along the wood fibers, a metal punch is introduced with a profile corresponding to the form of a connection profile. Plots of wood, located under the working surfaces of puanson, start plastically deforming. With the movement of said puanson deeper into the blank, the surfaces of sliding of the side edge of the tool are created, making the edges of the 'cut'. Upon completion of the process, under each of the working faces of puanson in the wood of the workpiece, the bottom of the 'cut' is formed and under it - a 'cork' from the pressed wood, proportionate to the depths of the 'cut'.

    "Unlike the typical method of creating teeth with a cutting tool by turning an excessive volume of wood into the chips, pressing along the fiber allows you to get an imprint in the form of spikes at the end of the plastic deformation of wood, without waste" - Commented on O.A. Rubleva.

A unique method of pressing appreciated foreign scientists - a pilot article on this topic was published in the high-tech indexed journal.

The innovative tool developed and patented by scientists - puinson assembly to form elements of spike-teethed connection - allows you to vary the geometric parameters of spikes: their length, thickness, landing density in the connection. Puanson has a simple design, can be made from common structural carbon steel, durable in operation.

The video presents the process of forming spikes in laboratory conditions. In contrast to the milling process, where the length of the workpiece should be at least 150 mm, pressing allows you to process the blanks of small lengths - from 35 mm, which leads to significant wood savings. The force of pressing for the preparation of pine wood with a cross section of 25 × 40 mm does not exceed 3.5 tons, and this makes it possible to implement the process not only in industrial conditions of a large enterprise, but also for individual production - due to the use of the simplest manual hydraulic presses.

The high accuracy of the size and shape of pressed thorns allows to obtain adhesive connections along the length with an increased length of the adhesive seam and, accordingly, high strength corresponding to the requirements of the regulatory documentation for gluing blanks for the manufacture of products.

The technology of O.A. Rubleva, based on the complex and rational use of raw materials, is beneficial, convenient, efficient - and, by this, is unique. It is important that the innovative technology is equally applicable at large enterprises, and in a small business, may be the starting point for the development of profitable startups.

Olga Anatolyevna is actively working with students and graduate students, involving them in scientific activities to develop technologies for the manufacture of furniture and carpentry/construction products from low-liquidity wood and woodworking waste. The scientist is the head of the Graduate Studies Program on the Profile "Woodworking, Technology and Wood Processing Equipment". O.A. Rubleva also leads the master's program according to the "Woodworking Technology" profile (Course 35.04.02 "Technology of logging and wood processing industries"). This program provides a wide range of prospects for further professional development, highly estimated not only by applicants having basic engineering education, but also graduates of humanitarian directions. They, according to O.A. Rubleva, increasingly choose this, demanded by woodworking enterprises, direction of preparation.

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